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disks overzicht

  1. bios kent sequence number aan disks toe
     
    die volgorde wordt vertaald in linux disk-device names: 
    /dev/sda
/dev/sdb
/dev/sdc
/dev/sdd
...

     

  2. elke disk wordt gepartitioneerd:
    tenminste 1 partition of multiple partitions
    partitions zijn genummerd:
    /dev/sda1 -- /dev/sdc6 -- /dev/sdm2
     
  3. MBR of GPT
     
    ==> partitions > 2TB --> gdisk
    ==> partitions < 2TB --> fdisk of gdisk
     
    fdisk --> MBR (master boot record)
    max 4 primary partitions:
    /dev/sda1 -- /dev/sda2 -- /dev/sda3 -- /dev/sda4
     
    meer nodig dan 4 => one partition is EXTENDED partition
    extended partition bevat logical partitions
    /dev/sda5 -- /dev/sda6 -- /dev/sda7 -- ..
     
    gdisk --> GPT (GUID partition table)
    standaard 128 partitions .. /dev/sda1 -- /dev/sda2 -- ..
     

  4. partitions moeten geformatteerd worden ...
     
    # mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdd7

    ext4  -->  mkfs.ext4
xfs   -->  mkfs.xfs
ntfs  -->  mkfs.ntfs
fat32 -->  mkfs.vfat

     

  5. geformatteerde partities moeten gemount worden ..
     
    $ sudo mkdir /system-a
    $ sudo mount /dev/sda1 /system-a

    $ sudo mkdir /mnt/spare
    $ sudo mount /dev/sdd7 /mnt/spare
     
    $ sudo mkdir -p /filezilla/ftp
    $ sudo mount /dev/sdc1 /filezilla/ftp
     

  6. auto-mount via edit of /etc/fstab
     
    $ sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.old
    $ sudo nano /etc/fstab

    by device name:

     /dev/sda1  /home/ftp   ext4   defaults   0   0

     
    by uuid:

    # /home was on /dev/sda8 during installation
UUID=2e145554-df73-49aa-8cbc-a839f529452f /home ext4 defaults  0 0

     

  7. hoe vind je uuid
     
    $ ls /dev/disk/by-uuid/ -l
     
    of
     
    $ sudo blkid /dev/sda6
    /dev/sda6: UUID="6e04800d-d1a8-4e84-93b8-f89e33d2e3f1" TYPE="ext4"
     
  8. swap partitie
     
    aanmaken met mkswap /dev/sdc8
    activeren met swapon /dev/sdc8
     
  9. controlleren
     
    gebruik df of mount voor data-partities
    gebruik swapon -s of free voor swap-partities
     

  10. nuttige commando's
     

    • lsblk 
      user@pc135:~$ lsblk
NAME   MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda      8:0    0 465,8G  0 disk 
├─sda1   8:1    0   512M  0 part /boot/efi
└─sda2   8:2    0  73,2G  0 part /
sdb      8:16   0   1,8T  0 disk 
├─sdb1   8:17   0  29,8G  0 part [SWAP]
├─sdb2   8:18   0   100G  0 part /home
└─sdb3   8:19   0   750G  0 part /home/vms

    • blkid

      user@pc135:~$  blkid /dev/sdb2
/dev/sdb2: UUID="e1ddbc0c-7f56-4bf9-aa08-7fc461540678" TYPE="xfs" PARTLABEL="Linux filesystem" PARTUUID="cb504c58-a20e-4010-8c4b-f765e18e590a"